Improvement in pumps



2 `Sheets--S-heet 2'.

HATHERLY SPEAK.

Improvement in Pumps No. 121,209. Patented-Nov. 21,1871'.

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HACDHERLY sPEAa, or ronTLANp, muuu.

IMPROVEMENT IGN PUMPS.

Specification formingpart of Lettrs PatcntfNo. 121,209, dated November 21, 1871.

rTo all whom may concern.- v

Be it knowntnat I, HATHERLYSPEAR, ot' Port- ;'land, in the county of Cumberland and State of Maine, have invented an Improved Pump; and

I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming part ot this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation, the air-pump being shown in section. Figs. 2 and 3 represent-the construction of the cocks G G', and Fig.14 represents a lvertical section of the pump.

Snnilar letters of reference in the accompanyc ing dra-wing indicate corresponding parts.

This invention relates more particularly to that class of pumps which is used for very deep Wells orfor mining purposes, where the water is to be" wraisedmOre. thanrthirtnnthree feet g and it com4 sists in tie employment of'a system ot relays, by which'the water can be raised -to any height by atmospheric pressure, and in the details of construction herein set forth.

In the drawing, AB C Bl C1, &c., represent ase- Y ries of hollow castings forming the chamber of the pump, connected by pipes P P1 P2 Ps P4, dre., ac-

' eording to the number of relays employed, and

provided with one or more st rainers, s s, arranged in any suitable manner. The chambers B B1 132, &c., are each provided with a ball-valve, l; b1, Sac., which seats downward, as shown in Fig. 4, while the chambersC G1 G2, Sie., are'connected inpairs by means of a bent pipe, D, and are each provided with'an elastic tubular diaphragm, j', inserted through the collar at the extremity of the chamber, and attached at the ends to the castingI by means ofthe screw connection that unites the casting and the pipe, or in any other preferable man- I`ner..` The pipe D is connected, by a branch or 'branches, d, to an air-exhaust, E, worked by an enl 1 gine, not shown in the drawing. The exhaustmay be of anyform ot' construction that the proprietor The pipe D that connl'zcts two chambers, C C1, is provided with a pair of threeway cocks, G G', each having one passage leading to the exhaust, another leading to the chamj ber C, and a third leading to the open air 5^ said cocks being connected-by a rod or chains, H, and operated from the engineer other motive power in such a manner that when any one of the passages in one cock is closed the correspondingpassage infthe other is open. The uppermost chamber C* is necessarily constructed somewhat diiierently from the other ofthe series, being provided with a discharge-nozzle, I, and with a ioat valve, c, which, when the water fills the chamber, closes the mouth of the tube D and prevents the escape of the-water into the exhaust. The

chamber is, ot course, covered, as shown at 0,.

andthe discharge-nozzle is provided with a valve,' fu', which readily opens to discharge the water, and closes automatically toprevent the ingress of air, while the exhaust is in communication with the chamber. ln the drawing I have shown but one chamber, provided withthe diaphragm f.

The' number of these chambers, I, however, depend upon the length ofthe pump and the number or relays thereby rendered necessary. 'They' are .to be arranged alternately with the valve- ...Qhlubenand placed, from tothirty feet apart, according to the size and power of the exhausting apparatus, and the degree to which a vacuum can be approximated in the chamber. The whole apparatus may be suspended or supported in the well by chains J J', if preferred.

The operation of this improved pump is as follows: The iirst movement o1' the machinery connected with the exhaust and the cocksas described closes the Yu )er cock G1 o ens the lower one, and operates the exhaust. The air is eX- hausted from the pipc'D and the chamber C. The valve-blcloses while the valve b opens, and the water rushing up to lill the vacuum enters and iills the 'diaphragm f, and expands it till it (ills the whole chamber U. All this is the work of an instant, and at the next moment the action of the machinery reverses the position of the cocks G G', opening way D through the upper one, closing the way D at the lower one, and

.opening the communication through'the cock Grk from the chamber G to the open air. Simulta- C C2 G4 O6, Ste., constituting one set, and C1 C3 C5, 85e., constituting the other, and that one entire set is exhausted simultaneously atl one moment and the other yentire set at the next moment. The' upper chamber Cx need not be provided with a diaphragm, as the water is not to be forced above it, but simply to be discharged at the valve o. l

In the matter of construction the details shown and described herein may be considerably varied Without departing from the'spirit of my invention. 'In fact, apumpconstructed for practical operation would be dissimilarto the one shown in the drawing in several respects. In vthe first placethe chamber C O1, &c., Would be considerably larger than shown in proportion to the valvechambers B B, 85e., so as to get room for the expansion of the diaphragms and enable more water to ,be thrown. Again, a large number of chambers would be employed, connected by pipes l) P1, Ste., each from twelve to twenty-five feet long, accordin g to the power and capacity of the exhaust. The form of the chamber and the precise method of operating the valves, die., that is here shown are not, of course, essential, but may be modified according toA circumstances. The inner wall of the chamber Ov G, Sie., may be channeled, grooved, or corrugated, so as to provide passages leading from the air-duct all around the chamber, in order that When the diaphragm is iilled out and presses -against the Wall on everyv side the air may be still able to pass in all around it, and the atmospheric pressure be equally applied to it in every direction.

The diaphragm may be made of any suitable material. and fastened in place in any suitable manner. A straight elastic tube, f, connected to the screw-joint at either end, is, however, be-

lieved to be the most convenient for adjustment,

removal., &c. Any kind of valve may be Substituted for the ball-valve, and instead of employing enlarged valve-chambers B Bl the valves might be placed in the pipes l? P1, if preferred. I regard the valve-chambers B B1, &c., as simply enlargements of the pipes for the accommodation of the valves. The chambers may' be arranged in a vertical line, as shown, or at any inclination that may be convenient.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new'therein, and desire to secure by Letters'Patent, is-

1. A system of chambers G C", separated by valves b1 b2, and all except the upper one contain ing an elastic diaphragm, f, when combined with lan exhaust and With connecting-pipes D and cocks G G1, operating as herein described.

2. The atmospheric relay-pump herein described, consisting essentially of the base A, the chambers@ C", the valve-chambers B B1, the diaphragms f f, thevalves b b1, the pipes D D, the cocks G G1, the exhaust E, the pipes P P1, the outlet' I, and the valves o e', all combined and operating substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

3. The tubular diaphragms f, in combination ,with the chambers C C1, when arranged in the manner and for the purpose specified.

` A HATHERLY SPEAR.

. Witnesses: S. R. JACKSON,

E. A. EATON. 

